{"id":17896,"date":"2025-01-01T14:25:41","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T11:25:41","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2026-01-12T00:25:17","modified_gmt":"2026-01-11T21:25:17","slug":"smtp-nedir-nasil-calisir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/smtp-nedir-nasil-calisir\/","title":{"rendered":"SMTP Nedir , Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0130\u00e7indekiler Tablosunu A\u00e7\/Kapat\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/smtp-nedir-nasil-calisir\/#SMTP_Nedir\" >SMTP Nedir ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/smtp-nedir-nasil-calisir\/#SMTP_Nasil_Calisir\" >SMTP Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/smtp-nedir-nasil-calisir\/#SMTP_Nasil_Calisir-2\" >SMTP Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/smtp-nedir-nasil-calisir\/#SMTPnin_Tarihcesi\" >SMTP\u2019nin Tarih\u00e7esi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/smtp-nedir-nasil-calisir\/#SMTP_Portu_Kactir\" >SMTP Portu Ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 ><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SMTP_Nedir\"><\/span>SMTP Nedir ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p >SMTP (Basit Posta Aktar\u0131m Protokol\u00fc), sunucular aras\u0131nda e-posta g\u00f6nderip al\u0131rken kullan\u0131lan bir TCP \/ IP protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, mesajlar\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131nda s\u0131raya koyma kabiliyeti ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n mesajlar\u0131 kaydetmesine izin veren di\u011fer iki protokolden biri olan POP3 (Posta Ofisi Protokol\u00fc) veya IMAP (\u0130nternet Mesaj Eri\u015fim Protokol\u00fc) ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar genellikle e-posta g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in SMTP ve e-posta almak i\u00e7in POP3 veya IMAP kullanan bir program kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2 ><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SMTP_Nasil_Calisir\"><\/span>SMTP Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<article id=\"post-5704\"  >\n<header  >\n<figure  ><\/figure>\n<\/header>\n<div  >\n<div id=\"\"  >\n<div  >\u201c<span >SMTP Nedir K\u0131saca<\/span>\u00a0: \u0130ngilizce \u201c<span >Simple Mail Transfer Protocol<\/span>\u201d (<span >Basit Mail Aktar\u0131m Protokol\u00fc<\/span>) ifadesinin ba\u015f harfleri ile olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir k\u0131saltmad\u0131r ve d\u00fcnyada \u015fuan aktif kullan\u0131lan mail g\u00f6nderme i\u015flemlerini d\u00fczenleyen end\u00fcstri standard\u0131 protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr.\u201d<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p >SMTP (Basit Posta Aktar\u0131m Protokol\u00fc), sunucular aras\u0131nda e-posta g\u00f6nderip al\u0131rken kullan\u0131lan bir TCP \/ IP protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte, mesajlar\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131nda s\u0131raya koyma kabiliyeti ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n mesajlar\u0131 kaydetmesine izin veren di\u011fer iki protokolden biri olan POP3 (Posta Ofisi Protokol\u00fc) veya IMAP (\u0130nternet Mesaj Eri\u015fim Protokol\u00fc) ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar genellikle e-posta g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in SMTP ve e-posta almak i\u00e7in POP3 veya IMAP kullanan bir program kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2 ><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SMTP_Nasil_Calisir-2\"><\/span>SMTP Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p >SMTP hizmeti; bir \u0130stemci, g\u00f6nderen sunucu, alan sunucu\u00a0s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015famal\u0131 bir i\u015flem modeli kullanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Yani ilk\u00a0 olarak;\u00a0 Outlook veya Webmail ve buna benzer\u00a0 bir e-posta istemcisinden bir g\u00f6nderen e-posta sunucusuna mesaj g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in SMTP protokol\u00fc kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130kincisi a\u015famada g\u00f6nderen e-posta sunucusu, e-postay\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131 e-posta sunucusuna g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in ge\u00e7i\u015f hizmeti olarak SMTP\u2019yi kullan\u0131r. Son olarak, al\u0131c\u0131 sunucu, gelen postay\u0131 IMAP veya POP3 yoluyla indirmek i\u00e7in bir e-posta istemcisi (Outlook , Webmail vb) kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p ><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\"  src=\"\/bilgi\/wp-content\/uploads\/blog_images\/31e5089ee8644fc7b301a27a1e8a0e18.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"477\" height=\"250\" \/><\/p>\n<p >SMPT Mail iletme, bir ba\u015fka sunucu ad\u0131na iletme (relay) veya mail y\u00f6nlendirme (forwarding) gibi i\u015flemleri yapabilir. Mail almak, okumak veya dizinlemek i\u00e7in ise IMAP protokol\u00fc kullanmak gerekir. Yani \u00f6zetle bir mail istemcisi kullan\u0131yorsak g\u00f6nderme i\u00e7in SMTP, alma i\u00e7in ise IMAP veya POP ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rmam\u0131z gerekir.<\/p>\n<h3 ><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SMTPnin_Tarihcesi\"><\/span>SMTP\u2019nin Tarih\u00e7esi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p >\u00a0\u0130lk olarak 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardan bu yana elektronik haberle\u015fmede de\u011fi\u015fik y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flansa da SMTP protokol\u00fc ilk olarak 1982 y\u0131l\u0131nda POSTEL firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan standart haline getirildi ve\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc788\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">rfc788<\/a>\u00a0kodu ile yay\u0131nland\u0131. Hemen sonras\u0131nda ise bu standart\u0131 temel alan Unix BSD bazl\u0131 ve d\u00fcnyada en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan SMTP sunucusu olan Sendmail\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc788\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">rfc788<\/a>\u00a0koduyla yay\u0131nland\u0131. Zaman i\u00e7erisinde a\u00e7\u0131k kaynak kodlu linux i\u015fletim sistemleri sunucu hizmetlerinde \u00e7ok pop\u00fcler oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in\u00a0<span >SendMail<\/span>\u00a0(MTA) en pop\u00fcler mail aktar\u0131m arac\u0131s\u0131 durumuna geldi. Bug\u00fcn y\u00fczlerce farkl\u0131 Mail Server hizmeti yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f durumda. En pop\u00fcler olanlar\u0131 ise Exim, Postfix, Qmail, Mail Enable, Microsoft Exchange, Icewarp, hMail gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterebiliriz.<\/p>\n<h3 ><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SMTP_Portu_Kactir\"><\/span>SMTP Portu Ka\u00e7t\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p >SMTP protokol\u00fc,\u00a0<span >25<\/span>,\u00a0<span >465<\/span>\u00a0ve\u00a0<span >587<\/span>\u00a0olmak \u00fczere 3 farkl\u0131 port ve 2 farkl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 (<span >SSL<\/span>\u00a0veya\u00a0<span >TLS<\/span>) kullan\u0131lmaktat\u0131r. Genellikle istemci ve g\u00f6nderen sunucu aras\u0131nda\u00a0<span >SMTP Submission<\/span>\u00a0olarak isimlendirilen 587 numaral\u0131 port ve TLS g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan\u0131d\u0131r. Mail g\u00f6nderen ve alan sunucular aras\u0131nda ise 25 nolu port standart olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130ki sunucu aras\u0131nda mail iletimi g\u00fcvenli katmak ile yap\u0131lacaksa SSL veya TLS 465 nolu portu kullanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stemci ile g\u00f6nderen sunucu aras\u0131nda neden 587 kullan\u0131l\u0131yor diye bir soru sorabilirsiniz. Y\u0131llar \u00f6nce T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar spam ile m\u00fccadelede ADSL i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan IP bloklar\u0131nda 25 nolu portu kapatma karar\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in istemci ile sunucu aras\u0131nda 587\u00a0 nolu port kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu uygulamadan sonra h\u0131zla T\u00fcrkiye spam mail g\u00f6nderen \u00fclkeler i\u00e7erisinde aniden s\u0131ralama kaybetmi\u015f ve bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SMTP (Basit Posta Aktar\u0131m Protokol\u00fc), sunucular aras\u0131nda e-posta g\u00f6nderip al\u0131rken kullan\u0131lan bir TCP \/ IP protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17896","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17896"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17896\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18253,"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17896\/revisions\/18253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17896"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17896"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eniyisunucum.com\/bilgi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17896"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}